![]() Moreover, many studies that explore adaptive capacity do so at the individual level (e.g., Grothmann and Patt 2005), even though many of the most important adaptation measures require collective action and multiple levels of governance ( Adger et al. Several studies show that people process risk information and respond in complex ways, and social and cultural factors play an important role in how individuals and communities react to risks and crises (e.g., Adger et al. By contrast, the low-income Vietnamese community in New Orleans was more resilient to Katrina because of its strong community organization and social capital ( Airriess et al. Although fewer people were harmed by Katrina-1600 killed and 250 000 left homeless-many communities in coastal Louisiana and Mississippi were far from recovery even one year after the crisis, despite having much higher per capita incomes than communities in Tamil Nadu. 3) found that after the 2004 tsunami in the Indian Ocean, the state of Tamil Nadu in India, where 8000 people died and 310 000 were left homeless, recovered relatively quickly as the state “rebuilt almost all of its schools, fixed 75% of the damaged housing stock, and put most of its fishermen back to work” within a year of the disaster. While economic resources are important in adaptation planning and implementation, they are not sufficient. 2004), yet they often ignore the important human attributes necessary for adaptation planning and implementation (e.g., Adger et al. Adaptive capacity assessments frequently feature biophysical, economic, and technological variables (e.g., O’Brien et al. Adaptation to climate change depends on the social system’s adaptive capacity-defined as a system’s access to resources and its capacity to effectively use such resources ( Adger et al. Scientists and policymakers increasingly stress the need to urgently take measures to prepare and adapt for climate change impacts, especially in developing and underdeveloped countries facing disproportional impacts ( IPCC 2014).Īdaptation to climate change refers to anticipatory or reactive actions to reduce harm and benefit from opportunities, if any, from climate change impacts ( Adger et al. Developing countries such as India are considered to be particularly vulnerable to climate change impacts because of other stressors such as high incidence of poverty, illiteracy, and lack of resources ( IPCC 2014 INCCA 2010). ![]() Several countries are already experiencing negative impacts because of climate change ( IPCC 2014). Public education campaigns aimed at increasing collective efficacy beliefs are likely to increase adaptive capacity. In addition, community collective efficacy was positively associated with self-reported community adaptation responses. ![]() Using data from a national survey ( N = 4031), individuals with robust collective efficacy beliefs were found to be more likely to participate in community activities intended to ensure the adequacy of water supplies, and this relationship was found to be stronger in communities with high levels of community collective efficacy compared to communities with low levels of community collective efficacy. dissertation and examines the role of collective efficacy-people’s shared beliefs about their group’s capabilities to accomplish collective tasks-in influencing Indians’ capacity to adapt to drinking water scarcity, a condition likely to be exacerbated by future climate change. Drawing upon social cognitive theory, this paper builds on the first author’s Ph.D. Research on adaptive capacity often focuses on economics and technology, despite evidence from the social sciences finding that socially shared beliefs, norms, and networks are critical in increasing individuals’ and communities’ adaptive capacity. ![]()
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